See brethen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "braed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "braith"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "breathe"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to breathe"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "breth",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "breath",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitive suffix",
"t1": "breath"
},
"expansion": "breth (“breath”) + -en (infinitive suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1300"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1300",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From breth (“breath”) + -en (infinitive suffix). First attested in c. 1300.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bretheth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybrethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "breeth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþi",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "brethyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "brethen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "breth"
},
"expansion": "brethen (third-person singular simple present bretheth, present participle brethende, brethynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle brethed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "breth",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 34 8 20 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 37 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 44 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 40 3 17 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 19 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"To breathe life or inspiration into."
],
"id": "en-brethen-enm-verb-3NpwHH01",
"links": [
[
"breathe",
"breathe"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"breathe",
"breathe"
],
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"inspiration",
"inspiration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"(transitive) To breathe life or inspiration into."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 34 8 20 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 37 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 44 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 40 3 17 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 19 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"To take a break or breather (in battle)."
],
"id": "en-brethen-enm-verb-167LCRqa",
"links": [
[
"breathe",
"breathe"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"breather",
"breather"
],
[
"battle",
"battle#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"(intransitive, rare) To take a break or breather (in battle)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 37 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 19 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To evaporate; to become vapour."
],
"id": "en-brethen-enm-verb-DESTlhIo",
"links": [
[
"evaporate",
"evaporate"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To evaporate; to become vapour."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 34 8 20 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 37 14 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 40 3 17 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 88 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Smell",
"orig": "enm:Smell",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 23 19 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To smell; to emit an odour."
],
"id": "en-brethen-enm-verb-VRSOnZ~7",
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"emit",
"emit"
],
[
"odour",
"odour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To smell; to emit an odour."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛ̝ːðən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːðən/"
}
],
"word": "brethen"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "The spelling of this entry has been normalized according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community or recent spelling standards of the language.",
"name": "normalized"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to decay"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brēoþan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English brēoþan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brēoþan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English brēoþan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*breuþan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *breuþan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*breuþaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *breuþaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The spelling of this entry has been normalized according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community or recent spelling standards of the language.\nInherited from Old English brēoþan, from Proto-West Germanic *breuþan, from Proto-Germanic *breuþaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bretheth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brothen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brothen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybrothen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybrothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "breoðen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "brethen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "breth"
},
"expansion": "brethen (third-person singular simple present bretheth, present participle brethende, brethynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle brethed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "breth",
"2": "breth",
"3": "broth",
"4": "broth",
"c": "2",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 23 19 20 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To decay; to become ruined or destroyed."
],
"id": "en-brethen-enm-verb-Ipmp09Q7",
"links": [
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"ruine",
"ruine"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To decay; to become ruined or destroyed."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːðən/"
}
],
"word": "brethen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 2 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Smell",
"enm:Violence"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Shetland",
"lang_code": "scz",
"word": "braed"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "braith"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "breathe"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to breathe"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "breth",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "breath",
"id2": "infinitival",
"pos2": "infinitive suffix",
"t1": "breath"
},
"expansion": "breth (“breath”) + -en (infinitive suffix)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1300"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1300",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From breth (“breath”) + -en (infinitive suffix). First attested in c. 1300.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bretheth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybrethed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "breeth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "breþi",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"form": "brethyn",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "brethen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "breth"
},
"expansion": "brethen (third-person singular simple present bretheth, present participle brethende, brethynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle brethed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "breth",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"To breathe life or inspiration into."
],
"links": [
[
"breathe",
"breathe"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"breathe",
"breathe"
],
[
"life",
"life"
],
[
"inspiration",
"inspiration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"(transitive) To breathe life or inspiration into."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"To take a break or breather (in battle)."
],
"links": [
[
"breathe",
"breathe"
],
[
"engage",
"engage"
],
[
"respiration",
"respiration"
],
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"break",
"break"
],
[
"breather",
"breather"
],
[
"battle",
"battle#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To breathe; to engage in respiration.",
"(intransitive, rare) To take a break or breather (in battle)."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To evaporate; to become vapour."
],
"links": [
[
"evaporate",
"evaporate"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To evaporate; to become vapour."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To smell; to emit an odour."
],
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"emit",
"emit"
],
[
"odour",
"odour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To smell; to emit an odour."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbrɛ̝ːðən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːðən/"
}
],
"word": "brethen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 2 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Smell",
"enm:Violence"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "The spelling of this entry has been normalized according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community or recent spelling standards of the language.",
"name": "normalized"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to decay"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brēoþan",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English brēoþan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "brēoþan"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English brēoþan",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*breuþan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *breuþan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*breuþaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *breuþaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The spelling of this entry has been normalized according to the principles established by Wiktionary's editor community or recent spelling standards of the language.\nInherited from Old English brēoþan, from Proto-West Germanic *breuþan, from Proto-Germanic *breuþaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bretheth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "breth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brethen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brothen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bretheth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brethynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brethende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brothen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybrothen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybrothe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "breoðen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "brethen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "breth"
},
"expansion": "brethen (third-person singular simple present bretheth, present participle brethende, brethynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle brethed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "breth",
"2": "breth",
"3": "broth",
"4": "broth",
"c": "2",
"inf2": "0"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English intransitive verbs",
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To decay; to become ruined or destroyed."
],
"links": [
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"ruine",
"ruine"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, rare) To decay; to become ruined or destroyed."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbreːðən/"
}
],
"word": "brethen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brethen meaning in Middle English (12.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.